What is Optical illusion: That make you Question Reality and Yourself

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How to trick the brain? Optical illusions that make you question reality and yourself


Sometimes it is said that part of the visible reality is simply painted by our brain, because quite often and by blinking a lot, we simply have our eyes closed for a large part of the time. The latest internet sensation is a photo of a rusted underbody in need of repair. It turns out that millions of people see a much more romantic picture in it - the beach, the waves and the stars shining in the sky.

Scientists say that people always want to see a more attractive and beautiful image, which sometimes has nothing to do with reality.

Why can't we see reality?


Most people think that the circles in the illustration are different sizes, but they are actually the same. Our brain processes all the information received from the environment, looking for connections between different objects. This is why a circle of the same size surrounded by smaller circles appears much larger.

Neuroscientist Beau Lott said at the TED X conference: "The brain didn't evolve to see and help us know reality, it evolved to see the world in our favor."

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Animals are also fooled

While finding a general theory to explain all types of illusions would be a "theorist's dream", the prevailing academic explanation sees a cognitive illusion as "misadapted knowledge of the brain to interpret or read sensory signals".

Humans aren't the only ones who see optical illusions. Bumblebees see and distinguish between colors, although their primary palette is green, blue, and ultraviolet, rather than red, green, and blue.

 

In the experiments of scientist Beau Lott with bumblebees, he proves that bumblebee brains, similar to the human brain, do not encode color information in absolute numbers, but learn to experience colors in the real world. For example, bumblebees that live on blue flowers will also choose gray flowers if we create an environment where gray looks the bluest possible.

 It turns out that by surrounding gray petals with bright yellow, bumblebees will support the gray color with blue.

Such scientific experiments remind us that we "see" the physical world by the way our brain organizes various elements, such as shapes, sizes, colors, spatial relationships.

 

Troxler effect


If you stare at this illusion for 5 seconds without blinking, it may seem like the image is moving away from you.

This video phenomenon was first described by the Swiss physician Ignaz Paul Vitalas Troxler. He did it back in 1804.It reveals how our visual system adapts to sensory stimuli. This is because our neurons stop responding to unaltered stimuli—in this case, a background static blurred image—which causes the image to fade from our consciousness.

 

Table size



Do the tables look different in size and shape? Do you think both tables are exactly the same?

American psychologist Roger Shepard introduced this simple but surprising visual illusion in his book Mind Sights (1990).

In this illusion, the perceptual error is caused by the fact that the brain perceives very different sizes due to perspective and estimates the distance of the object to the retina. flat 2D image, so a drawing creates the illusion of depth.

 

Optical illusions are the fruit of brain facilitation


You can imagine how much work our eyes have throughout the day. To keep our brain from being overwhelmed by the information it receives, it often makes things easier for itself by using various techniques, such as filling in the blanks or creating a visual using images we have seen in the past.

For the most part, all these facilitations work without interference and we never notice them ourselves. However, optical illusions are an exception. Optical illusions take advantage of our brains using these facilitations and trick them into perceiving an image that doesn't necessarily correspond to reality. Optical illusions not only trick our brains, but also reveal a great deal of information about how our visual system works.

 

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Optical illusions: how do they work and why do they fool our eyes?

We see when light rays enter the eye and are focused on the retina. Cells in the retina convert these light rays into electrical impulses that are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve. This visual information is processed by our brain to form images. So, technically, we see the brain. This complex and amazing process takes just one tenth of a second!

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